diurnal oscillations in algal respiration, seasonal flooding, stratification, under ice cover in lakes, and isolation of densely vegetated water bodies, as well as more recent anthropogenic causes (e.g. eutrophication). In view of this, it is perhaps not surprising that among all vertebrates, fish boast the largest number of hypoxia tolerant species; hypoxia has clearly played an important role in shaping the evolution of many unique adaptive strategies. These unique adaptive strategies either allow fish to maintain function at low oxygen levels, thus extending hypoxia tolerance limits, or permit them to defend against the metabolic consequences of oxygen levels that fall below a threshold where metabolic functions cannot be maintained.
The aim of this volume is two-fold. First, this book will review and synthesize the adaptive behavioural, morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular strategies used by fish to survive hypoxia exposure and place them within an environmental and ecological context. Second, through the development of a synthesis chapter this book will serve as the cornerstone for directing future research into the effects of hypoxia exposures on fish physiology and biochemistry.
1 The Hypoxic Environment
2 Behavioral Responses and Ecological Consequences
3 Effects of Hypoxia on Fish Reproduction and Development
4 Oxygen and Capacity Limited Thermal Tolerance
5 Oxygen Sensing and The Hypoxic Ventilatory Response
6 Blood-Gas Transports and Hemoglobin Function: Adaptations for Functional and Environmental Hypoxia
7 Cardiovascular Function and Cardiac Metabolism
8 The Effects of Hypoxia On Growth and Digestion
9 The Anoxia-Tolerrant Crucian Carp
10 Metabolic and Molecular Responses of Fish to Hypoxia
, etc.